Recycling of waste and Environment

 The environment is very important in our life. Man cannot live without it even for a moment. Man's life is from these five elements: water, land, air, fire, sky. The environment is the aggregate of all the physical, chemical, and biological factors that affect an organism or an ecosystem's population and determine their form, life, and survival. Environmental education is holy work, by doing this and following its path; we can make the future beautiful along with the present, can protect human beings from many tragedies, reduce natural disasters, save extinct animals and plants. Can protect species and save water, air, and land from being polluted. Environmental education, knowledge, and information about the physical, biological, cultural, and psychological environments are given and efforts are made to understand their significance in real life. In this, decisions are made for the quality of the environment; exercises are done so that the problems can be solved. By keeping the environment clean, people are saved from many physical diseases caused by pollution. Their immunity remains at a good level. Environmental protection is necessary to prevent any disease.

     Biodiversity and energy are the main elements of the environment. Change of place and time takes place in the environment. ... While it’s functional depends on the transfer of energy. Biological substances are produced inside the environment, whose function is different at different places.

    One of the most environmentally friendly and economical uses of recycling plastic waste is in road construction. Bundles of high-quality polyethylene are tied and sent to cement factories to be burned as fuel. This type of plastic cannot be recycled and mixed with coal can be burned at temperatures above 1300 °C.

    Managers of Plastic Recovery Centers run small enterprises by selling processed plastic waste to recyclers, road construction agencies, and cement factories in collaboration with Self-Help Groups - Sarthak Community Development and Public Welfare Sanstha. Roads made of plastic waste are much more durable as they are more able to withstand the impact of water. This is a huge advantage for the region having prolonged monsoon rainfall.

    If garbage is thrown, it should be classified before throwing it. Artificial articles like polythene, plastic, pieces of iron, glasses, and other materials should be collected in separate baskets before throwing them. This allows them to be put into recycling. Set up systems at the institutional or commercial level that are related to segregation, such as having two bins for dumping everywhere, wet waste can be disposed of by compost or biogas plants. Domestic waste such as fruit peels; vegetable skins,   grass, leaves, leftover food, uncooked food, coffee or tea powder, dung, etc. are used to make organic manure. Dig a pit to prepare manure for dung and waste. A mesh or a layer of sand is laid at the bottom of the pit. After that, layers of garbage are laid. After about two months, the waste turns into a clay-like substance called compost.

    The simplest way to manage waste is to create less waste. Waste reduction can be done by you and me by reducing waste creation and recycling, and by reusing old materials. It is important to use eco-friendly products and reduce the use of plastic, paper, etc. It is very important to manage waste, as it harms human health and the environment. It causes many diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, jaundice, and cholera.

    The fee related to the waste is not paid for its collection or transportation, but for the disposal of the waste. For example, in Sweden and the US, heavy entry fees are charged for dumping waste in a landfill.

    The place where we live is known as Earth, human beings, animals and birds, etc, these are all the creatures of this earth that make each other's support, if it is not there, then there will be no balance in this environment. Nature has its own influence on this earth, which keeps on changing at all times.

Following are the measures to protect the environment:

Protect forests, plant more and more trees, avoid packaged food, Adopt organic food, animals, and wildlife should be protected.

 

 Kumari Lata Deenanath Mangeshkar was born on 28 September 1929 in Indore, Madhya Pradesh. Her father Dinanath Mangeshkar was a skilled theater singer. Dinanath started teaching music to Lata when she was five years old. His father died in the year 1942. During this time she was only 13 years old. The owner of Navyug Chitrapat Film Company and his father's friend, Master Vinayak (Vinayak Damodar Karnataki), took care of his family and helped Lata Mangeshkar become a singer and actress. Lata Ji also had to face many difficulties in making her place. Lata Ji was compared with the famous playback singer of that time, Noor Jahan. Slowly Lata Ji started getting work. Lata Ji's talent got recognition in 1947 when she got a chance to sing a song in the film "Aapki Seva Mein".Lata Ji got a chance to sing many songs one after the other. Lata Ji also has the distinction of recording a maximum number of songs.

"Aayega Aane Wala" was sung in 1949, after which the number of your fans started increasing day by day. Meanwhile, you worked with all the famous musicians of that time. Anil Biswas, Salil Choudhary, Shankar Jaikishan, S. D. Burman, R. D. Burman, Naushad, Madanmohan, C. Ramchandra, etc. all the musicians considered your talent as iron. He has sung songs in great movies like Do Aankhen Barah Haath, Do Bigha Zameen, Mother India, Mughal-e-Azam, “Mahal”, “Barsaat”, “Ek Thi Ladki”, “Badi Behen” etc.

 Lata Mangeshkar's voice has graced the music world for more than six decades. India's 'Swar Kokila' Lata Mangeshkar has sung more than 30,000 songs in 25-30 languages.

After the death of her father, Lata had to struggle a lot for the money. He did not like acting very much but due to the untimely death of his father, he had to work in some Hindi and Marathi films for money. Her first film as an actress was Pahili Mangalagore (1942), she acted in several films including Majhe Baal, Chimukala Sansar (1943), Gajabhau (1944), Badi Maa (1945), Jeevan Yatra (1946), Maand ( 1948), Chhatrapati Shivaji (1952). Lata starred opposite Noor Jahan in Badi Maa and Asha Bhosle played the role of her younger sister. He also sang songs for his own role and did playback for Asha Bhosle. In 1947, Ustad Ghulam Haider (who had earlier discovered Noor Jahan) had Lata do the playback for that film for his upcoming film. But Ghulam Haider was disappointed. In 1947, Vasant Joglekar gave Lata a chance to sing in his film Aapki Seva Mein. In 1949, Lata got such an opportunity from the song "Aayega Aanewala" from the film "Mahal". After this film was a huge success, Lata never looked back.

 Film fare Awards (1958, 1962, 1965, 1969, 1993, 1994)

National Awards (1972, 1975 and 1990)

Maharashtra Government Award (1966 and 1967)

Padma Bhushan (1969)

Guinness Book Record for most songs in the world (1974) 
Dadasaheb Phalke Award (1989) 
Life Time Achievement Award at Film fare (1993) 
Screen Lifetime Achievement Award (1996) 
Rajiv Gandhi Award (1997) 
NTR Prize (1999) 
Padma Vibhushan (1999)
Lifetime Achievement Award by Zee Cine (1999)
I.I.A. F. Lifetime Achievement Award of (2000)
Stardust's Lifetime Achievement Award (2001)
India's highest civilian award "Bharat Ratna" (2001)
Maharashtra Bhushan (2001)
 

Terrace garden

 Your hobby can be fulfilled by gardening on the roof of the house. There are some special ways to plant plants on the roof. Before filling the soil in the pots, we have to make a drain layer that is made of brick or stone. Apart from this, we can add dry leaves and coconut peels to make the moisture layer. By adopting small techniques, we can do gardening on the terrace. We can also use grow bags for gardening. Since grow bags are very light we can add pumice stone for the drain layer. They love to decorate the terrace and balcony of their house with hanging baskets. The hanging basket would have given a very nice look to the house. If you have a plastic and pot-shaped hanging basket, then you can easily hang it, If you have a wire hanging basket then you can use a coir basket for that. Its soil should have at least 50% cocoa pit. Before planting the plant, remove the soil from the pot and leave it open in the sun, the insects and fungi present in the soil will end. Mix compost manure or cow dung well in the soil and fill it in pots. There is a problem with space in the house. Choose bonsai plants considering the location of the house that fulfills the hobby. Keep the plants in such a way that they get the right amount of air and sunlight. In summer, water the plants both in the morning and evening. Plants have to be taken care of like children. Weeding of plants in 10-15 days - weeding is necessary, instead of chemicals, add manure to the plants. If insects are found in the leaves, then burn cow-dung balls and put their smoke on the plants to remove them. Organic manure should be used for plants as it increases the fertility of the soil. Plant leaves that turn yellow or burn should be removed so that the plant can thrive. If the plants are pruned, fertilized, and watered on time, they will remain green.

The Jordan History

 Archaeological evidence suggests that humans have been in Jordan for at least 90,000 years. This evidence includes Paleolithic tools such as knives, hand-axes, and scrapers made from flint and basalt. Jordan is part of the Fertile Crescent, one of the regions of the world where agriculture originated during the Neolithic period (8,500 – 4,500 BC). People in the area likely domesticated grains, peas, lentils, goats, and later cats to protect their stored food from rodents. The written history of Jordan begins in biblical times with the kingdoms of Ammon, Moab, and Edom, which are mentioned in the Old Testament.

From the time of Mesopotamia, it was ruled by the Nabataean kingdom. It was he who developed the Arabic script from which the writing of modern Arabic began. The Greek meaning of Mesopotamia is "between two rivers". The area lies between the Tigris (Tigris) and Euphrates rivers. It includes areas of modern-day Iraq's Babil District, northeastern Syria, southeastern Turkey, and Iran's Quzestan province. The Harappan civilization has been called 'Meluha' in Mesopotamia. Mesopotamia is a historical region of Western Asia, located within the Tigris–Euphrates river system. Mesopotamia is the site of the earliest development of the Neolithic Revolution from about 10,000 BC. Its identity is "inspired by some of the most important developments in human history, mathematics, astronomy, agriculture, including the invention of the wheel, the development of the cursive script, and planting of the first cereal crops.

The Sumerians and Akkadians (including the Assyrians and Babylonians) dominated Mesopotamia from the beginning of written history (c. 3100 BC) until the fall of Babylon in 539 BC when it was conquered by the Achaemenid Empire. For many centuries it was ruled by the Islamic caliphate, which was ruled by Damascus and then Baghdad. After Mongol (1259), Crusader (1020), Ayyubi (1170), and Mamluk rule, it became the possession of Ottoman Turks in 1516. Turkey was defeated in World War I and became part of the British Empire. It became independent in 1946.

 The currency of Jordan is the Jordanian Dinar. The religion of most of the people in Jordan is Islam which is mostly a Sunni community. The highest mountain in Jordan is Jabal Umm ad Dami, whose height is 1,854 meters. The longest river of Jordan is River Jordan, whose length is 251 km is. while the largest lake here is the 'Sea of ​​Galilee' which is spread over 166 square kilometers. There has been a planetary war in Jordan from September 1970 to July 1971, which is called Black September. The national animal of Jordan is the Arabian Oryx and the national bird is the Sinai rosefinch. Jordan is classified by the World Bank as a country of "high human development" with an "upper middle income" economy. The economy of Jordan is one of the smallest in the region.

Jordan, officially known as the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. It is an Arab country located in the southern part of the Syrian Desert, south of the Gulf of Aqaba, in Southwest Asia. Most of it is surrounded by desert in the north, Syria in the north, Iraq in the northeast, Israel in the west, and Saudi Arabia in the east and south. Programs in both Arabic and English are broadcast on TV in Jordan. The most important thing about this country is that the people here have the freedom to watch cable TV which is not there in many Arab countries. Some mysterious and gigantic figures remain in the Jordanian desert, which extends from Syria to Jordan and Saudi Arabia. These mysterious figures are called 'Ajrak Oasis Wheel'. These figures are believed to have been made about 8500 years ago.

 Petra, one of the seven wonders of Jordan, is a famous archaeological site; it dates back to 300 BC. It was the capital of the Nabatean kingdom. The Nabataeans built the city of Petra to track the celestial movements of the Sun. Petra one of the Seven New Wonders of the World is present in Jordan, which is also included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Actually, Petra is a famous archaeological site, which used to be the capital of the Nabatean kingdom around 300 BC. In 106 AD it came under Roman rule. Nabataean was the most populous city at that time with 20,000 inhabitants. This was the center of the entire Arab and European world, which is located on the Silk Route. Petra was also a major junction for the silk and spice trade routes. About half the city was destroyed by an earthquake in 363 AD. After several invasions by the Umaids, it was abandoned in the second half of the 7th century. Many of its palaces were destroyed by the end of the 11th century. t was later discovered in 1812 by Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt. Petra is a vast city of tombs, monuments, statues, and sacred structures. There are about 800 carved tombs in Petra. The site around Petra also has an archaeological park of 265 square meters. The Petra Theater was formerly built in the Hellenistic style in AD 106. The Petra Theater had seating for 5,000 to 8,000 people.

 

 

 

History of Turkey and Tourist places

 Evidence of human settlement has been found here in Turkey about 7500 years before Christ. Turkey is a country located in Eurasia. Its capital is Ankara. Its main- and the official language is Turkish. Its Asian part is called Anatolia and the European part is called Thrace. It is called the 'bridge' between Europe and Asia. By coming in the middle of the thin water body of the Aegean Sea, this bridge splits into two parts, which are commonly called European turkey and Asian turkey.

Mustafa Kemal Pasha is considered the creator of modern Turkey. It is also known by the nickname 'Ataturk' (Father of Turkey). On October 23, 1923, the Republic of Turkey was proclaimed. On April 20, 1924, the new constitution was announced in Turkey. Mustafa Kemal Pasha became the President of the new Republic of Turkey. Turkey is a country bordering Asia and Europe with Islamic Middle East influence and Christian European West influence. Turkey is famous for its picturesque scenery, historical sites, and fertile valleys. Its main city, Istanbul, is known for its bustling markets, the aroma of spices, belly dancers, and nightclubs. Cathedrals, mosques, and palaces built by the Ottoman rulers are still located in Istanbul today; prominent structures here include the Hagia Sophia, the Sultan Ahmed Mosque, the Topkapi Palace, and the Dolmabehe Palace.

Sultan Ahmed Mosque - (Blue Mosque) the first and only six minaret mosques built on Ottoman architecture was completed in 1617. This mosque is one of the many historical sites of Istanbul.

Cappadocia is a historic city in the heart of Turkey. Underground places, beautiful view of the sunset, hot air balloon ride and cave hotel which attracts a lot of enthusiasm among tourists.

Ficus (Fisus) is Turkey's iconic ancient city historical port, cultural and commercial center.

The city of Mardin is known for its cultural and historical heritage, the old part of the city is full of historic stone houses while the New Mardin part is full of new and beautiful buildings.

The Turkish city of Bodrum is known for its luxurious hotels, trendy beach clubs, and spectacular harbor.

The historic Grand Bazaar of Istanbul is 557 years old, where both traditional and modern things are found. It is one of the cultural and historical tourist places in Turkey.

Sumela Monastery- This place is amazing among all the places in Turkey. This place was included in the tentative list of World Heritage Sites by UNESCO in 2000.

History of Turkey-

The Hittite Empire was established in 1900-1300 BC. The Yavanas started arriving in the coastal areas from 1200 BC. In the Battle of Troy in 1250 AD, the Yavanas (Greeks) destroyed the city of Troy and established their control over the surrounding areas. The Battle of Troy, described in Homer's Odyssey, took place on the west coast of Turkey between the Troy people and the kingdoms on the Greek islands. Its period is believed to be around 1200 BC. In 530 BC, Iran came under the Persian Empire, which for many years was divided into Greek and Iranian empires due to conflicts by the Greeks. In 330 BC, when Alexander went on a conquest campaign towards the east, this region also came under the Greek (Macedonian) Empire. From 24 onwards, In the 6th century BC, the Persian king Cyrus took control of Anatolia. Anatolia became part of the Roman Empire in 130 BC. It remained a part of the Roman Empire. Between the 7th and 12th centuries, many branches of Turks from Central Asia settled here. After the end of the Sasanian Empire (635 CE), Islam spread to eastern and southern Turkey. The Oghuz, Seljuq, and Ottoman Turks converted to Sunni Islam. In the 12th century, the Byzantine Empire began to decline after being engulfed in religious wars. The rise of the Ottoman Empire in 1288 and the fall of Kastantunia in 1453. The Ottoman Turks established the Roman capital of Istanbul in 1453 as the center of a strong Ottoman Empire, which spread from Hungary to the Arab countries in the sixteenth century. Ottoman rulers also occupied Mecca and Medina in the sixteenth century, due to which they also became the Caliph (chief) of Islam. The Ottoman Turks were with the Germans in the First World War. The Ottoman Empire came to an end after the defeat of the Germans and being driven out by the British in Arabia.

World Tourism Day and Famous tourist places in the world

 The United Nations had decided to celebrate 27 September every year as World Tourism Day since 1980. Every year 27 September is celebrated as World Tourism Day. The constitution of the World Tourism Organization was adopted on 27 September 1970. Every year the United Nations World Tourism Organization hosts some country as its host. A theme is also kept every year regarding the awareness of Tourism Day.

France is the first choice of tourists. Its capital Paris is the most visited city in the world. The country of France has 37 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, which are known globally for their outstanding universal value. Cities with cultural interest exist in France such as Paris, Lyon, and Strasbourg. The Eiffel Tower is a symbol of French culture; Paris was the tallest structure in the world for nearly 4 decades. The main reason for building the Eiffel Tower was the centenary of the French Industrial Revolution.

Spain-Tourism is a major industry in Spain. 13 Spanish cities are recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Historic cities of Spain such as Barcelona, ​​Madrid, have world-class resorts on the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts, which are the center of tourist attraction. Popular festivals such as Carnival are held in Spain. One of the famous tourist places of Spain is La Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, ​​this structure is being built since 1852 but has not been completed till now, due to some reason the work of this structure stops or else it becomes slow. 

China is indeed one of the most iconic tourist destinations. The Great Wall of China, Five Sacred Mountains, Shaolin Temple, Huanggushu Waterfall, Forbidden City, Three Gorges, and another natural, cultural, and historically significant sites. An important facet of the Great Wall of China is that it is the only monument on the planet Earth visible from the Moon. The Great Wall of China was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1987. This wall is divided into different parts and its average height is 20 to 26 feet. The largest part of the wall is 46 feet in height. The Great Wall of China was built by various dynasties. From the 7th century onwards, more than 20 dynasties had taken responsibility for the construction of the Great Wall. The wall of China was built to stop the Mongolian invaders. The Great Wall of China was built between 220-206 B.C. and since then it took 2000 years for various Chinese dynasties to build this series of fortresses. The first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang, started building this Great Wall to unite China.

Italy-Going to Italy is like a dream for many people, Italy is one of the most visited countries in the world. Italy has 50 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The Vatican is the smallest state in the world. It is located inside the city of Rome. Leaning Tower Italy is one of the famous tourist destinations around the world. This structure is known around the world for being tilted 4 degrees from one side. The Leaning Tower of Pisa is the most famous structure in medieval architecture. This famous tower of Italy is popular because of the amazing Leaning Tower of Pisa. The construction of the Tower of Pisa began in 1173 and continued for 200 years. Tommaso Pisano completed the tower in 1399. Soft clay was used in the construction of its foundation. Due to this soil, this tower started tilting. The Baptistery is a famous marble dome located in Pisa tourism, which is one of the main attractions of Italy. Its construction began in 1153 and was completed by Nicola-Pisano in 1260. The remarkable sound of Baptistery Pisa is considered the center of the performance here. The Basilica Romanica di San Pio a Grado is the site of Pisa where St. Peter landed in Italy during AD 44. This port was built in the 10th century, which has become one of the major tourist attractions of Pisa today.